[ARM] STM32_Low level Programming
민바Minba
[ARM] STM32_Low level ProgrammingARM/2_Study2024. 4. 24. 10:01@민바Minba
Table of Contents

1.  STM32F411RET6(ARM Cortex-M4)

 

STM32f411RET6 pin array

STM32f411RET6 특성

  • Flash Memory : 512 kBytes
  • RAM : 128 kBytes
  • Speed : 100 MHz

 

c언어 자료형

 

 

2.  STM32 구조

 

  • D-BUS : RAM BUS
  • I-BUS : Flash Memory BUS
  • S-BUS : 주변장치 BUS
  • APB1, APB2 : Bus 이름

→ ARM Architecture에서는 모든 peripheral, clock을 사용자가 설정해줘야함

⇒ 복잡할 수 있지만 전력 소모에서 이득

 

 

3.  ioc를 이용한 설정

 

3-1.  Clock 설정

 

(1) : RCC setup menu  /  (2) : 외부 클럭 입출력 pin

 

PLL회로 : 클럭 증폭

→ NUCLEO 보드에는 8MHz 외부 크리스탈 오실레이터가 장착되어 있음

 

3-2.  GPIO output 설정

  • GPIO output level : 초기 상태
  • GPIO mode : input, output
  • GPIO Pull-up/down : 풀업, 풀다운 저항 설정
  • Maximum output speed : 속도
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
  */
  __HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 4;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 100;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 4;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_3) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_1 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_1 */

  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOH_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();

  /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_PIN_RESET);

  /*Configure GPIO pin : PA5 */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_5;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
}

→ 위와 같이 자동으로 setup한 코드가 만들어진다.

 

 

4.  STM32F411 Memory 구조

 

가장 낮은 주소부터 Boot, Timer, UART, GPIO 등의 주소가 할당되어 있음

⇒ Memory 주소에 따라 Peripheral을 어떻게 할당할 수 있는지 알아야 한다.

 

CPU(Master)와 각 주변장치(Slave → Decoder, ROM, RAM …)와 BUS로 연결되어 있음

→ Address Bus, Data Bus, Signal Bus

 

 

그렇다면 어떻게 각 Slave를 서로 구별할것인가? ⇒ Decoder

CE(==CS) = LOW일 때만 해당 Chip 동작

ex) C, B, A = 0, 0, 0 일 때) Rom Enable

 

Address : A15 ~ A0 (2Bytes)

 

ROM Enable → A15, A14, A13 = 0, 0, 0

→ ROM Address Range : 0x0000 ~ 0x1FFF (0b000 0000… ~ 0b0001 1111 …)

 

RAM Enable → A15, A14, A13 = 0, 0, 1

→ RAM Address Range : 0x2000 ~ 0x3FFF (0b0010 0000… ~ 0b0011 1111 …)

 

8255 Enable → A15, A14, A13 = 0, 1, 0

→ 8255 Address Range : 0x4000 ~ 0x5FFF (0b0100 0000… ~ 0b0101 1111 …)

 

 

위와 같이 주소를 나누어 놓으면 아래와 같은 Memory Map을 만들 수 있다.

⇒ Memory 형태로 Read/Write하는 구조 = Memory Mapped I/O

 

각 peripheral에 접근할 수 있는 주소

 

 

5.  Low level programming

→ CubeIDE에서 제공하는 ioc 라이브러리를 이용하지 않고 처음부터 프로그래밍하기

 

GPIOA 5pin Output Mode setup & LED Blink

  1. GPIOA peropheral에 Clock 인가
  2. GPIOA pin5 output mode 설정
  3. GPIOA pin5 output PushPull 설정
  4. Low Speed 설정
  5. GPIOA pin5에 High, Low 신호 출력

 

 

1. RCC CR → GPIOA peropheral에 Clock 인가

1-1. Clock 인가 → RCC

  1. GPIOA, RCC : AHB1 Bus
  2. Clock : RCC

 

RCC CR (Control Register)

  • RCC Address Rage : 0x4002 3800 ~ 0x4002 3BFF
  • RCC_CR Address : 0x4002 3800 + 0x00
  • RCC_CR 초기 값 : 0x0000 XX81
(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40023800 + 0x00) |= (1<<0);  // RCC_CR |= (1<<0)

`( )` : casing 연산자

`*` : 포인터화 → 뒤에 오는 상수가 주소라는 의미

`(unsigned int *)(XXX)` : XXX가 부호가 없는 4byte 주소다 라는 것을 정의함

⇒ 그렇다면 주소 XXX에 저장된 값을 수정하고 싶다면 ? → 간접참조 연산자 `*` 사용

* (volatile unsigned int *)(0x40023800 + 0x00) |= (1<<0);  // RCC_CR |= (1<<0)

 

1-2. RCC AHB1ENR → AHB1 Bus 에 연결된 GPIOA에 Clock Enable

*(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40023800 + 0x30) |= (1<<0);  // AHB1_ENR, GPIOA Enable

 

 

2. MODER → GPIOA pin5 output mode 설정

GPIO pin5 : MODER5 → bit 10, 11

GPIO pin5 Output mode : MODER5 0, 1

	// GPIOA pin5 output setup
	*(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40020000 + 0x00) &= ~(1<<11);		// set bit 11 to 0
	*(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40020000 + 0x00) |= (1<<10);			// set bit 10 to 1

→ MCU에서 S-BUS를 통해 GPIO PORT A Resgister에 값을 저장

 

 

3. OTYPER → GPIOA pin5 output PushPull 설정

pin5 PushPull setup : set OT5(bit 5) to 0

 

  • PushPull : MCU에서 전류를 Push or Pull (내부 전원)
  • Open Drain : Drain 단자를 Open한다 → 외부 전원
	// GPIOA pin5 PushPull setup (GPIOA_OTYPER)
	*(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40020000 + 0x04) &= ~(1<<5);

 

 

4. SPEDDR → Low speed 설정

		// GPIOA pin5 High & Low Signal (GPIOA_ODR)
		*(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40020000 + 0x14) |= (1<<5);			// Output Register set to 1(High)
		*(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40020000 + 0x14) &= ~(1<<5);			// Output Register set to 0(Low)

 

 

5. ODR → GPIOA pin5에 High, Low 신호 출력

		// GPIOA pin5 High & Low Signal (GPIOA_ODR)
		*(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40020000 + 0x14) |= (1<<5);			// Output Register set to 1(High)
		*(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40020000 + 0x14) &= ~(1<<5);			// Output Register set to 0(Low)

 

 

GPIOA pin5 BLINK

 

더보기 
void delay(unsigned int times)
{
	unsigned int temp = times * 1000;
	while(temp) temp--;
}

int main()
{
	// Clock authorization (RCC_CR)
	*(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40023800 + 0x00) |= (1<<0);  // RCC_CR |= (1<<0)
	// RCC_ AHB1_ENR, GPIOA Enable
	*(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40023800 + 0x30) |= (1<<0);  // RCC_ AHB1_ENR, GPIOA Enable

	// GPIOA pin5 output setup (GPIOA_MODER)
	*(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40020000 + 0x00) &= ~(1<<11);		// set bit 11 to 0
	*(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40020000 + 0x00) |= (1<<10);			// set bit 10 to 1

	// GPIOA pin5 PushPull setup (GPIOA_OTYPER)
	*(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40020000 + 0x04) &= ~(1<<5);

	// GPIOA pin5 Low Speed setup (GPIOA_OSPEEDR)
	*(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40020000 + 0x08) &= ~(1<<11);
	*(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40020000 + 0x08) &= ~(1<<10);

	while(1)
	{
		// GPIOA pin5 High & Low Signal (GPIOA_ODR)
		*(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40020000 + 0x14) |= (1<<5);			// Output Register set to 1(High)
		delay(200);
		*(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40020000 + 0x14) &= ~(1<<5);			// Output Register set to 0(Low)
		delay(200);
	}

	return 0;
}
더보기 
#define RCC_CR						(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40023800 + 0x00)
#define RCC_AHB1_ENR			(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40023800 + 0x30)
#define GPIOA_MODER				(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40020000 + 0x00)
#define GPIOA_OTYPR				(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40020000 + 0x04)
#define GPIOA_OSPEEDR			(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40020000 + 0x08)
#define GPIOA_ODR					(volatile unsigned int *)(0x40020000 + 0x14)

void delay(unsigned int times)
{
	unsigned int temp = times * 1000;
	while(temp) temp--;
}

int main()
{
	// Clock authorization (RCC_CR)
	*RCC_CR |= (1<<0);
	// RCC_ AHB1_ENR, GPIOA Enable
	*RCC_AHB1_ENR |= (1<<0);

	// GPIOA pin5 output setup (GPIOA_MODER)
	*GPIOA_MODER &= ~(1<<11);		// set bit 11 to 0
	*GPIOA_MODER |= (1<<10);			// set bit 10 to 1

	// GPIOA pin5 PushPull setup (GPIOA_OTYPER)
	*GPIOA_OTYPR &= ~(1<<5);

	// GPIOA pin5 Low Speed setup (GPIOA_OSPEEDR)
	*GPIOA_OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<11);
	*GPIOA_OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<10);

	while(1)
	{
		// GPIOA pin5 High & Low Signal (GPIOA_ODR)
		*GPIOA_ODR |= (1<<5);			// Output Register set to 1(High)
		delay(200);
		*GPIOA_ODR &= ~(1<<5);			// Output Register set to 0(Low)
		delay(200);
	}

	return 0;
}
더보기 
#define AHB1_BASE					0x40020000
#define RCC_BASE					(AHB1_BASE + 0x3800)
#define GPIOA_BASE				(AHB1_BASE + 0x0000)
#define GPIOC_BASE				(AHB1_BASE + 0x0800)

#define RCC_CR						(volatile unsigned int *)(RCC_BASE + 0x00)
#define RCC_AHB1_ENR			(volatile unsigned int *)(RCC_BASE + 0x30)

#define GPIOA_MODER				(volatile unsigned int *)(GPIOA_BASE + 0x00)
#define GPIOA_OTYPR				(volatile unsigned int *)(GPIOA_BASE + 0x04)
#define GPIOA_OSPEEDR			(volatile unsigned int *)(GPIOA_BASE + 0x08)
#define GPIOA_ODR					(volatile unsigned int *)(GPIOA_BASE + 0x14)

#define GPIOC_MODER				(volatile unsigned int *)(GPIOC_BASE + 0x00)
#define GPIOC_OTYPR				(volatile unsigned int *)(GPIOC_BASE + 0x04)
#define GPIOC_OSPEEDR			(volatile unsigned int *)(GPIOC_BASE + 0x08)
#define GPIOC_ODR					(volatile unsigned int *)(GPIOC_BASE + 0x14)


void delay(unsigned int times)
{
	unsigned int temp = times * 1000;
	while(temp) temp--;
}

int main()
{
	// Clock authorization (RCC_CR)
	*RCC_CR |= (1<<0);

	//------------------GPIOA pin5-------------------
	// RCC_ AHB1_ENR, GPIOA Enable
	*RCC_AHB1_ENR |= (1<<0);

	// GPIOA pin5 output setup (GPIOA_MODER)
	*GPIOA_MODER &= ~(1<<11);		// set bit 11 to 0
	*GPIOA_MODER |= (1<<10);			// set bit 10 to 1

	// GPIOA pin5 PushPull setup (GPIOA_OTYPER)
	*GPIOA_OTYPR &= ~(1<<5);

	// GPIOA pin5 Low Speed setup (GPIOA_OSPEEDR)
	*GPIOA_OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<11);
	*GPIOA_OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<10);


	//------------------GPIOC pin8-------------------
	*RCC_AHB1_ENR |= (1<<2);

	*GPIOC_MODER &= ~(1<<17);
	*GPIOC_MODER |= (1<<16);

	*GPIOC_OTYPR &= ~(1<<8);

	*GPIOC_OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<17);
	*GPIOC_OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<16);


	while(1)
	{
		// GPIOA pin5 High & Low Signal (GPIOA_ODR)
		*GPIOA_ODR |= (1<<5);			// Output Register set to 1(High)
		*GPIOC_ODR |= (1<<8);			// Output Register set to 1(High)
		delay(200);
		*GPIOA_ODR &= ~(1<<5);			// Output Register set to 0(Low)
		*GPIOC_ODR &= ~(1<<8);			// Output Register set to 0(Low)
		delay(200);
	}

	return 0;
}

 

구조체 변수 선언하여 레지스터 값 define

#define GPIOA_MODER   		(volatile unsigned int *)(GPIOA_BASE + 0x00)
#define GPIOA_OTYPER  		(volatile unsigned int *)(GPIOA_BASE + 0x04)
#define GPIOA_OSPEEDR 		(volatile unsigned int *)(GPIOA_BASE + 0x08)
#define GPIOA_PUBDR   		(volatile unsigned int *)(GPIOA_BASE + 0x0C)
#define GPIOA_IDR    			(volatile unsigned int *)(GPIOA_BASE + 0x10)
#define GPIOA_ODR    		 	(volatile unsigned int *)(GPIOA_BASE + 0x14)
#define GPIOA_BSRR   		 	(volatile unsigned int *)(GPIOA_BASE + 0x18)
#define GPIOA_LCKR   		 	(volatile unsigned int *)(GPIOA_BASE + 0x1C)
#define GPIOA_AFRL   		 	(volatile unsigned int *)(GPIOA_BASE + 0x20)
#define GPIOA_AFRH   		 	(volatile unsigned int *)(GPIOA_BASE + 0x24)

→ 각 register가 4byte씩 차이가 나기 때문에 아래와 같이 구조체로 바꿀 수 있음
(!!단, 구조체 멤버 변수 순서 중요!!)

typedef struct{
	volatile unsigned int MODER;
	volatile unsigned int OTYPER;
	volatile unsigned int OSPEEDR;
	volatile unsigned int GPIOA_PUPDR;
	volatile unsigned int IDR;
	volatile unsigned int ODR;
	volatile unsigned int BSRR;
	volatile unsigned int LCKR;
	volatile unsigned int AFRL;
	volatile unsigned int AFRH;

}GPIO_TypeDef;

#define AHB1_BASE					0x40020000
#define RCC_BASE					(AHB1_BASE + 0x3800)
#define GPIOA_BASE				(AHB1_BASE + 0x0000)
#define GPIOB_BASE				(AHB1_BASE + 0x0400)
#define GPIOC_BASE				(AHB1_BASE + 0x0800)

#define GPIOA							((GPIO_TypeDef *)GPIOA_BASE)
#define GPIOB							((GPIO_TypeDef *)GPIOB_BASE)
#define GPIOC							((GPIO_TypeDef *)GPIOC_BASE)

`GPIO_TypeDef` 구조체 변수 → 4byte씩 멤버변수 10개 → 40byte

 

 

더보기 
typedef struct{
	volatile unsigned int MODER;
	volatile unsigned int OTYPER;
	volatile unsigned int OSPEEDR;
	volatile unsigned int GPIOA_PUPDR;
	volatile unsigned int IDR;
	volatile unsigned int ODR;
	volatile unsigned int BSRR;
	volatile unsigned int LCKR;
	volatile unsigned int AFRL;
	volatile unsigned int AFRH;

}GPIO_TypeDef;

#define AHB1_BASE					0x40020000
#define RCC_BASE					(AHB1_BASE + 0x3800)
#define GPIOA_BASE				(AHB1_BASE + 0x0000)
#define GPIOB_BASE				(AHB1_BASE + 0x0400)
#define GPIOC_BASE				(AHB1_BASE + 0x0800)

#define RCC_CR						(volatile unsigned int *)(RCC_BASE + 0x00)
#define RCC_AHB1_ENR			(volatile unsigned int *)(RCC_BASE + 0x30)

#define GPIOA							((GPIO_TypeDef *)GPIOA_BASE)
#define GPIOB							((GPIO_TypeDef *)GPIOB_BASE)
#define GPIOC							((GPIO_TypeDef *)GPIOC_BASE)


void delay(unsigned int times)
{
	unsigned int temp = times * 1000;
	while(temp) temp--;
}

int main()
{
	// Clock authorization (RCC_CR)
	*RCC_CR |= (1<<0);

	//------------------GPIOA pin5-------------------
	// RCC_ AHB1_ENR, GPIOA Enable
	*RCC_AHB1_ENR |= (1<<0);

	// GPIOA pin5 output setup (GPIOA_MODER)
	//*GPIOA_MODER &= ~(1<<11);		// set bit 11 to 0
	//*GPIOA_MODER |= (1<<10);			// set bit 10 to 1
	GPIOA->MODER &= ~(1<<11);
	GPIOA->MODER |= (1<<10);

	// GPIOA pin5 PushPull setup (GPIOA_OTYPER)
	//*GPIOA_OTYPER &= ~(1<<5);
	GPIOA->OTYPER &= ~(1<<5);

	// GPIOA pin5 Low Speed setup (GPIOA_OSPEEDR)
	//*GPIOA_OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<11);
	//*GPIOA_OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<10);
	GPIOA->OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<11);
	GPIOA->OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<10);


	//------------------GPIOC pin8-------------------
	*RCC_AHB1_ENR |= (1<<2);

	//*GPIOC_MODER &= ~(1<<17);
	//*GPIOC_MODER |= (1<<16);
	GPIOC->MODER &= ~(1<<17);
	GPIOC->MODER |= (1<<16);

	//*GPIOC_OTYPER &= ~(1<<8);
	GPIOC->OTYPER &= ~(1<<8);

	//*GPIOC_OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<17);
	//*GPIOC_OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<16);
	GPIOC->OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<17);
	GPIOC->OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<16);


	while(1)
	{
		// GPIOA pin5 High & Low Signal (GPIOA_ODR)
		//*GPIOA_ODR |= (1<<5);			// Output Register set to 1(High)
		//*GPIOC_ODR |= (1<<8);			// Output Register set to 1(High)
		GPIOA->ODR |= (1<<5);
		GPIOC->ODR |= (1<<8);
		delay(200);
		//*GPIOA_ODR &= ~(1<<5);			// Output Register set to 0(Low)
		//*GPIOC_ODR &= ~(1<<8);			// Output Register set to 0(Low)
		GPIOA->ODR &= ~(1<<5);
		GPIOC->ODR &= ~(1<<8);
		delay(200);
	}

	return 0;
}

 

위 사진과 같이 HAL Library에 구조체 형식으로 저장되어 있음

 

더보기 
#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"

//typedef struct{
//	volatile unsigned int MODER;
//	volatile unsigned int OTYPER;
//	volatile unsigned int OSPEEDR;
//	volatile unsigned int GPIOA_PUPDR;
//	volatile unsigned int IDR;
//	volatile unsigned int ODR;
//	volatile unsigned int BSRR;
//	volatile unsigned int LCKR;
//	volatile unsigned int AFRL;
//	volatile unsigned int AFRH;
//
//}GPIO_TypeDef;
//
//#define AHB1_BASE					0x40020000
//#define RCC_BASE					(AHB1_BASE + 0x3800)
//#define GPIOA_BASE				(AHB1_BASE + 0x0000)
//#define GPIOB_BASE				(AHB1_BASE + 0x0400)
//#define GPIOC_BASE				(AHB1_BASE + 0x0800)
//
//#define RCC_CR						(volatile unsigned int *)(RCC_BASE + 0x00)
//#define RCC_AHB1_ENR			(volatile unsigned int *)(RCC_BASE + 0x30)
//
//#define GPIOA							((GPIO_TypeDef *)GPIOA_BASE)
//#define GPIOB							((GPIO_TypeDef *)GPIOB_BASE)
//#define GPIOC							((GPIO_TypeDef *)GPIOC_BASE)


void delay(unsigned int times)
{
	unsigned int temp = times * 1000;
	while(temp) temp--;
}

int main()
{
	RCC->CR |= (1<<0);
	RCC->AHB1ENR |= (1<<0);

	// Clock authorization (RCC_CR)
	//*RCC_CR |= (1<<0);

	//------------------GPIOA pin5-------------------
	// RCC_ AHB1_ENR, GPIOA Enable
	//*RCC_AHB1_ENR |= (1<<0);

	// GPIOA pin5 output setup (GPIOA_MODER)
	//*GPIOA_MODER &= ~(1<<11);		// set bit 11 to 0
	//*GPIOA_MODER |= (1<<10);			// set bit 10 to 1
	GPIOA->MODER &= ~(1<<11);
	GPIOA->MODER |= (1<<10);

	// GPIOA pin5 PushPull setup (GPIOA_OTYPER)
	//*GPIOA_OTYPER &= ~(1<<5);
	GPIOA->OTYPER &= ~(1<<5);

	// GPIOA pin5 Low Speed setup (GPIOA_OSPEEDR)
	//*GPIOA_OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<11);
	//*GPIOA_OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<10);
	GPIOA->OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<11);
	GPIOA->OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<10);


	//------------------GPIOC pin8-------------------
	RCC->AHB1ENR |= (1<<2);
	//*RCC_AHB1_ENR |= (1<<2);

	//*GPIOC_MODER &= ~(1<<17);
	//*GPIOC_MODER |= (1<<16);
	GPIOC->MODER &= ~(1<<17);
	GPIOC->MODER |= (1<<16);

	//*GPIOC_OTYPER &= ~(1<<8);
	GPIOC->OTYPER &= ~(1<<8);

	//*GPIOC_OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<17);
	//*GPIOC_OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<16);
	GPIOC->OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<17);
	GPIOC->OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<16);


	while(1)
	{
		// GPIOA pin5 High & Low Signal (GPIOA_ODR)
		//*GPIOA_ODR |= (1<<5);			// Output Register set to 1(High)
		//*GPIOC_ODR |= (1<<8);			// Output Register set to 1(High)
		GPIOA->ODR |= (1<<5);
		GPIOC->ODR |= (1<<8);
		delay(200);
		//*GPIOA_ODR &= ~(1<<5);			// Output Register set to 0(Low)
		//*GPIOC_ODR &= ~(1<<8);			// Output Register set to 0(Low)
		GPIOA->ODR &= ~(1<<5);
		GPIOC->ODR &= ~(1<<8);
		delay(200);
	}

	return 0;
}
더보기 
#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"

void delay(unsigned int times)
{
	unsigned int temp = times * 1000;
	while(temp) temp--;
}

void clock_init()
{
	RCC->CR |= (1<<0);
	RCC->AHB1ENR |= (1<<0);		// GPIOA
	RCC->AHB1ENR |= (1<<2);		// GPIOC
}

void gpio_init()
{
	// GPINA pin 5
	GPIOA->MODER &= ~(1<<11);
	GPIOA->MODER |= (1<<10);

	GPIOA->OTYPER &= ~(1<<5);

	GPIOA->OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<11);
	GPIOA->OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<10);

	// GPINC pin 8
	GPIOC->MODER &= ~(1<<17);
	GPIOC->MODER |= (1<<16);

	GPIOC->OTYPER &= ~(1<<8);

	GPIOC->OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<17);
	GPIOC->OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<16);
}

void sys_init()
{
	clock_init();
	gpio_init();
}

void GPIO_write(GPIO_TypeDef *GPIOx, int pin, int state)
{
	if(state == SET)
	{
		GPIOx->ODR |= (1<<pin);
	}
	else if(state == RESET)
	{
		GPIOx->ODR &= ~(1<<pin);
	}
}

int main()
{
	sys_init();

	while(1)
	{
		GPIO_write(GPIOA, 5, SET);
		GPIO_write(GPIOC, 8, SET);
		delay(200);
		GPIO_write(GPIOA, 5, RESET);
		GPIO_write(GPIOC, 8, RESET);
		delay(200);
	}

	return 0;
}
더보기 
#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"

void delay(unsigned int times)
{
	unsigned int temp = times * 1000;
	while(temp) temp--;
}

void clock_init()
{
	RCC->CR |= (1<<0);
	RCC->AHB1ENR |= (1<<0);		// GPIOA
	RCC->AHB1ENR |= (1<<2);		// GPIOC
}

void gpio_init()
{
	// GPINA pin 5
	GPIOA->MODER &= ~(1<<11);
	GPIOA->MODER |= (1<<10);

	GPIOA->OTYPER &= ~(1<<5);

	GPIOA->OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<11);
	GPIOA->OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<10);

	// GPINC pin 8
	GPIOC->MODER &= ~(1<<17);
	GPIOC->MODER |= (1<<16);

	GPIOC->OTYPER &= ~(1<<8);

	GPIOC->OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<17);
	GPIOC->OSPEEDR &= ~(1<<16);
}

void sys_init()
{
	clock_init();
	gpio_init();
}

void GPIO_write(GPIO_TypeDef *GPIOx, int pin, int state)
{
	if(state == SET)
	{
		GPIOx->ODR |= (1<<pin);
	}
	else if(state == RESET)
	{
		GPIOx->ODR &= ~(1<<pin);
	}
}

void GPIO_toggle(GPIO_TypeDef *GPIOx, int pin)
{
	GPIOx->ODR ^= (1<<pin);
}

int main()
{
	sys_init();

	while(1)
	{
//		GPIO_write(GPIOA, 5, SET);
//		GPIO_write(GPIOC, 8, SET);
//		delay(200);
//		GPIO_write(GPIOA, 5, RESET);
//		GPIO_write(GPIOC, 8, RESET);
//		delay(200);
		GPIO_toggle(GPIOA, 5);
		GPIO_toggle(GPIOC, 8);
		delay(200);
	}

	return 0;
}

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Made By Minseok KIM
저작자표시 비영리 변경금지

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